Several studies have shown that isokinetic resistance training at a spectrum of joint angular velocities increases muscle strength (Adeyanju et al., 1983 Cadore et al., 2014 Coyle et al., 1981 Kelly et al., 2007 Lesmes et al., 1978) and power and rate of force development (Cadore et al., 2014 Kanehisa and Miyashita, 1983). Isokinetic dynamometers provide the trainee with the ability to contract skeletal muscles with near-maximal or maximal effort at controlled velocities. Isokinetic training has been a popular form of resistance training since the late 1960s (Hislop and Perrine, 1967 Thistle et al., 1967). These data indicate 6 weeks of multiple-joint isokinetic resistance training increases dynamic muscle strength and local muscular endurance performance in addition to specific isokinetic strength gains in women. No differences were shown in the CTL group for any measure. Peak isokinetic CON and ECC force in the chest press and row significantly increased in the IRT group. The results showed that 1RM bench press (from 38.6 ± 6.7 to 43.0 ± 5.9 kg), 1RM bent-over row (from 40.4 ± 7.7 to 45.5 ± 7.5 kg), and the maximal number of modified push-ups (from 39.5 ± 13.6 to 55.3 ± 13.1 repetitions) increased significantly only in the IRT group. A 2 x 2 analysis of variance with repeated measures and Tukey’s post hoc tests were used for data analysis.
Peak CON and ECC force during the chest press and row, 1RM bench press and bent-over row, and maximum number of modified push-ups were assessed pre and post training.
The IRT group underwent 6 weeks of training (2 days per week) consisting of 5 sets of 6-10 repetitions at 75-85% of subjects’ peak strength for the isokinetic chest press and seated row exercises at an average linear velocity of 0.15 m s -1. Seventeen women were randomly assigned to either an isokinetic resistance training group (IRT) or a non-exercising control group (CTL).
Thus, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the magnitude of isokinetic and dynamic one repetition-maximum (1RM) strength and local muscular endurance increases after 6 weeks of multiple-joint isokinetic resistance training. The transfer of training effects of multiple-joint isokinetic resistance training to dynamic exercise performance remain poorly understood.
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